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The Science of Climate Change

Climate change is no longer a distant threat or just a possibility, it is now a reality for all of us. In this pathway, Kevin Trenberth, a renowned climatologist, delves into the science behind climate change. He first introduces the climate system, its main components and forces.

Tackling the Plastic Crisis

Plastic pollution is by far the biggest threat to our oceans and this remains an incredibly tough problem to solve. Plastic credits could potentially serve as one of the much needed solutions for this crisis.

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The Scale of the Net Zero Challenge

The price of meeting net zero is estimated to be between $100-150 trillion over the next 30 years. Regardless of this cost, we need to reach net zero before climate change does irreversible damage to the environment and the economy.

ESG, Sustainability and Impact Jargon Buster

ESG, sustainability, impact… they all just mean green, right? Not quite. Despite being used often interchangeably, there are distinct differences between these terms.

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The Science of Climate Change

Climate change is no longer a distant threat or just a possibility, it is now a reality for all of us. In this pathway, Kevin Trenberth, a renowned climatologist, delves into the science behind climate change. He first introduces the climate system, its main components and forces.

Tackling the Plastic Crisis

Plastic pollution is by far the biggest threat to our oceans and this remains an incredibly tough problem to solve. Plastic credits could potentially serve as one of the much needed solutions for this crisis.

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+1,000 expert presented, on-demand video modules

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Featured Content

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The Scale of the Net Zero Challenge

The price of meeting net zero is estimated to be between $100-150 trillion over the next 30 years. Regardless of this cost, we need to reach net zero before climate change does irreversible damage to the environment and the economy.

ESG, Sustainability and Impact Jargon Buster

ESG, sustainability, impact… they all just mean green, right? Not quite. Despite being used often interchangeably, there are distinct differences between these terms.

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Application of GEOVOL and CRISK to Climate Policy

Application of GEOVOL and CRISK to Climate Policy

Misa Tanaka

Head of Research: Bank of England

The GEOVOL and CRISK concepts are very relevant for thinking about climate policies. Some of the results are a bit counterintuitive in that flash crash of August 2015 has a bigger impact on GEOVol than global financial crisis. Climate-related policy events, or weather-related events do not rank high in the top GEOvolatility events.

The GEOVOL and CRISK concepts are very relevant for thinking about climate policies. Some of the results are a bit counterintuitive in that flash crash of August 2015 has a bigger impact on GEOVol than global financial crisis. Climate-related policy events, or weather-related events do not rank high in the top GEOvolatility events.

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Application of GEOVOL and CRISK to Climate Policy

7 mins 9 secs

Key learning objectives:

  • Understand the concept of GEOVOL

  • Understand the concept of CRISK

Overview:

GEOVOL is a measure that captures the common variation in the innovation of volatility of assets. It has been monitored and measured by using the daily closing prices of up to 47 country ETFs. CRISK is the expected capital shortfalls under climate stress risk. It is computed by calculating climate betas for large global banks, this is meant to capture the sensitivity of the equity prices of the existence of the excess returns of stranded asset portfolios.

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Summary

What is GEOVOL, what are its associated advantages and what could it be used for?

GEOVOL is a measure that captures the common variation in the innovation of volatility of assets. It has been monitored and measured by using the daily closing prices of up to 47 countries' ETFs. 

The main advantage of this measure is that it only needs asset prices to compute, therefore it is very simple to compute. 

Further considerations: 

Can GEOVOL be interpreted as a measure of geopolitical risk or is it more of a measure of unspecified common shocks, the volatility of multiple assets?

If this is a measure of unspecified common shocks, the volatility of multiple assets, is there an application to measuring climate-related systemic risk?

What is CRISK, what are its associated advantages and what could it be used for?

CRISK is the expected capital shortfalls under climate stress risk. It is computed by calculating climate betas for large global banks, this is meant to capture the sensitivity of the equity prices of the existence of the excess returns of stranded asset portfolios. 

The benefit of using this approach to calculate the capital shortfalls of banks is that it only requires equity prices and basic balance sheet data from the banks. 

Further considerations:

  1. Can we interpret climate betas as capturing banks' exposure to transition risks?
  2. Is CRISK a measure of bank capital shortfalls that regulators can use to inform the calibration of their tools, e.g. capital requirements?

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Misa Tanaka

Misa Tanaka

Misa Tanaka is the Head of Research at the Bank of England, a position she has held since 2018. Misa joined the Bank of England in 2002 following the completion of her D. Phil in Economics at the University of Oxford. She has published articles on the likes of international policy spillovers, bonus regulations and sovereign debt finance. Misa’s current research interests include prudential policies and the impact of climate change on the financial system.

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